Birds of Seabrook Island |
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COAST BIRDS |
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Species Acct. |
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Order Falconiformes (Accipitriformes) - Diurnal Birds of Prey Family Accipitridae - Hawks, Eagles, Kites Subfamily Accipitrinae - Kites, Harriers, Sea Eagles, Buteos, Eagles Buteos and Buzzards |
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Diurnal Birds of Prey include raptors with talons and hooked bill. Most hunt animal prey using acute vision which may be supplemented by hearing. (Several Old World forms have specialized for carrion eating with bare heads and long necks. They lack talons. These buteos are properly called "buzzards," not our New World Vultures.) The Tree of Life includes the diurnal birds of prey (and New World Vultures) in the Accipitriformes. The Encyclopedia of Life includes them in the Ciconiiformes. Accipitrids (osprey, kites, harriers, sea eagles, buteos, and eagles) are found in all parts of the world except Antarctica and some islands. Buteos ("{hawks") are broad-winged raptors belonging to the genus Buteo. |
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■□ Red-tailed Hawk, Buteo jamaicensis | ||||||||
YEAR ROUND - Common / Common, breeds OPEN WOODLAND AND FIELDS (with scattered trees) |
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The Red-tailed Hawk is our best known buteo - it is often seen perching along roads resting or watching for small mammals. They have a streaked belly that is darker than the throat or under-tail area. Adults have a conspicuous rusty red tail that is easily seen in flight and is also visible when perched. However, perched along the road side, the streaked belly band provides the best mark. In flight, the red tail is diagnostic. The species varies from our typical light birds through intermediate to dark forms. There are several distinct populations found in the west. |
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Red-tailed Hawk. Bennett's Point Road, Ashepoo River area. |
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RANGE: Red-tailed Hawks breed across the country extending north to the tree line. In winter they range to northern Panama and the West Indies. Populations were reduced by bounties and some eggshell thinning. Habitat loss is also important. Red-tailed Hawks are interspecifically territorial with Swainson's Hawks. | ||||||||
BREEDING: Monogamous. One brood? The nest is a bulky mass of sticks and twigs, lined with a variety of plant materials including green branches. It is placed in a large tree with a view of the surroundings. Both sexes build the nest. They lay 2-3 (1-5) eggs which both parents incubate for 28-35 days. Development is semialtricial. The female remains with the young for the first few weeks and the male brings food (which the female eats or tears into pieces to feed the young). Young leave the nest about 6-7 weeks after hatching but take another 2 weeks or more to achieve strong flight. They may remain with their parents for several additional weeks. | ||||||||
DIET: They feed mostly small mammals, birds and reptiles. Voles, rates, rabbits, and ground squirrels are often the major part of their diet. They will eat birds up to the size of a pheasant and take reptiles, particularly snakes. Other prey may be taken opportunistically and they may feed on carrion. They hunt from a perch or by kiting (hovering in flight)... They carry small prey to a perch but may eat large prey on the ground. |
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VOICE: A distant sounding, rasping, scraping scream, falling in intensity -"cheeeeeeewv." | ||||||||
NOTES: Checklists - Seabrook (breeds). Kiawah - common year-round (breeds). Edisto - resident. Coastal - common permanent resident. Hilton Head - common permanent resident. Cape Romain - uncommon/uncommon (breeds)/common/common. Huntington Beach - rare, year-round. Caw Caw - common year-round. ACE - common/occasional/common/common. Fuerte's and Krider's variants - accidental. CBC: ACE 22, 22, 22, 17, 24, 31, 25, 35; Charleston 10, 12, 14, 11, 7, 13, 20, 12; St. Helena/Fripp x, x, x, x, x, x, 8, 4; Hilton Head 25, 15, 39, 51, 60, 38, 39, 36; Sun City/Okatie 41, 23, 16, 29, 16, 14, 22, 12; McClellanville 13, 11, 18, 16, nc, 11, 21, 22; Winyah Bay x, x, 8, 8, 13, 10, 19, 35; Litchfield/Pawley's 25, 18, 31, 22, 20, 23, 25, 18. SCBBA: Widespread - absent Chesterfield and Marlboro Counties. P&G: Resident - uncommon summer, fairly common fall and winter. Egg dates: 11 March - 28 May. Avendex: 7 records, winter. Potter: Fairly common permanent resident. Migrants add to the numbers in fall and winter. |
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● Fairly common. These are hawks of open areas. Look for them around the Equestrian Center and Palmetto Lake, on our golf courses, over Jenkins Point, and in any open/edge habitat. On Seabrook, red-tails do not hunt over the beach but are regularly visible riding thermals over the marsh and estuaries behind the beach. They also perch on the water tower (and call). They breed on the island. | ||||||||
Banner - Red-tailed Hawk. Palmetto Lake. | ||||||||
KEY: ■ Seabrook list □ Kiawah list |